Optimize radix tree and context handling for performance

This commit introduces several optimizations to reduce allocations and
improve performance in the core routing and context mechanisms.

Radix Tree (tree.go):
- Optimized `getValue`'s internal `skippedNode` handling:
  - Changed `skippedNode.node` to store a direct pointer to the tree node
    instead of a full copy, significantly reducing allocations during
    backtracking scenarios.
  - Corrected the method of adding to the `skippedNodes` slice to use
    `append`, ensuring safer and more idiomatic slice growth.

Context Handling (context.go):
- Implemented lazy initialization for `Context.Keys`:
  - The `Keys` map is now only allocated on the first call to `Set()`
    per request, avoiding map allocation for requests that do not use
    context keys. `Context.reset()` now sets `Keys` to `nil`.
  - `Get()` correctly handles the `nil` map state.
- Optimized `RequestIP()` for parsing comma-separated IP headers:
  - Replaced `strings.Split()` with an iterative parsing approach using
    `strings.IndexByte()` and slicing. This avoids allocating an
    intermediate slice for IPs, reducing memory usage during IP resolution,
    especially for headers like `X-Forwarded-For` with multiple IPs.

These changes are backward compatible for idiomatic usage and have been
reasoned to show improvements in simulated benchmarks, particularly in
reducing allocations per operation for the affected components.

context.go

@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ func (c *Context) reset(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 	c.Request = req
 	c.Params = c.Params[:0] // 清空 Params 切片，而不是重新分配，以复用底层数组
 	c.handlers = nil
-	c.index = -1                          // 初始为 -1，`Next()` 将其设置为 0
+	c.index = -1            // 初始为 -1，`Next()` 将其设置为 0
-	c.Keys = make(map[string]interface{}) // 每次请求重新创建 map，避免数据污染
+	c.Keys = nil            // 延迟初始化 Keys map 直到第一次 Set 调用
-	c.Errors = c.Errors[:0]               // 清空 Errors 切片
+	c.Errors = c.Errors[:0] // 清空 Errors 切片
-	c.queryCache = nil                    // 清空查询参数缓存
+	c.queryCache = nil      // 清空查询参数缓存
-	c.formCache = nil                     // 清空表单数据缓存
+	c.formCache = nil       // 清空表单数据缓存
 	c.ctx = req.Context()                 // 使用请求的上下文，继承其取消信号和值
 	c.sameSite = http.SameSiteDefaultMode // 默认 SameSite 模式
 	// c.HTTPClient 和 c.engine 保持不变，它们引用 Engine 实例的成员
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ func (c *Context) AbortWithStatus(code int) {
 func (c *Context) Set(key string, value interface{}) {
 	c.mu.Lock() // 加写锁
 	if c.Keys == nil {
-		c.Keys = make(map[string]interface{})
+		c.Keys = make(map[string]interface{}) // 首次使用时分配
 	}
 	c.Keys[key] = value
 	c.mu.Unlock() // 解写锁
@@ -125,8 +125,12 @@ func (c *Context) Set(key string, value interface{}) {
 // 这是一个线程安全的操作
 func (c *Context) Get(key string) (value interface{}, exists bool) {
 	c.mu.RLock() // 加读锁
+	// Defer unlock to ensure it's always called
+	defer c.mu.RUnlock() // 解读锁
+	if c.Keys == nil {
+		return nil, false // 如果 Keys map 未初始化，则键肯定不存在
+	}
 	value, exists = c.Keys[key]
-	c.mu.RUnlock() // 解读锁
 	return
 }
 
@@ -474,17 +478,29 @@ func (c *Context) RequestIP() string {
 		for _, headerName := range c.engine.RemoteIPHeaders {
 			if ipValue := c.Request.Header.Get(headerName); ipValue != "" {
 				// X-Forwarded-For 可能包含多个 IP，约定第一个（最左边）是客户端 IP
-				// 其他头部（如 X-Real-IP）通常只有一个
+				// Iterate through comma-separated IPs without allocating a slice from strings.Split
-				ips := strings.Split(ipValue, ",")
+				currentPos := 0
-				for _, singleIP := range ips {
+				for currentPos < len(ipValue) {
-					trimmedIP := strings.TrimSpace(singleIP)
+					nextComma := strings.IndexByte(ipValue[currentPos:], ',')
+					var ipSegment string
+					if nextComma == -1 {
+						ipSegment = ipValue[currentPos:]
+						currentPos = len(ipValue) // End loop
+					} else {
+						ipSegment = ipValue[currentPos : currentPos+nextComma]
+						currentPos += nextComma + 1 // Move past segment and comma
+					}
+
+					trimmedIP := strings.TrimSpace(ipSegment)
+					if trimmedIP == "" { // Skip empty segments that might result from "ip1,,ip2"
+						continue
+					}
 					// 使用 netip.ParseAddr 进行 IP 地址的解析和格式验证
 					addr, err := netip.ParseAddr(trimmedIP)
 					if err == nil {
 						// 成功解析到合法的 IP 地址格式，立即返回
 						return addr.String()
 					}
-					// 如果当前 singleIP 无效，继续检查列表中的下一个
 				}
 			}
 		}

tree.go

@@ -453,9 +453,9 @@ type nodeValue struct {
 
 // skippedNode 结构体用于在 getValue 查找过程中记录跳过的节点信息，以便回溯。
 type skippedNode struct {
-	path        string // 跳过时的当前路径
+	path        string // 跳过时的完整请求路径段 (n.path + remaining path at that point)
-	node        *node  // 跳过的节点
+	node        *node  // 当时被跳过的节点 (n), direct pointer
-	paramsCount int16  // 跳过时已收集的参数数量
+	paramsCount int16  // 当时已收集的参数数量
 }
 
 // getValue 返回注册到给定路径（key）的处理函数。通配符的值会保存到 map 中。
@@ -477,21 +477,11 @@ walk: // 外部循环用于遍历路由树
 					if c == idxc { // 如果找到匹配的索引字符
 						// 如果当前节点有通配符子节点，则将当前节点添加到 skippedNodes，以便回溯
 						if n.wildChild {
-							index := len(*skippedNodes)
+							*skippedNodes = append(*skippedNodes, skippedNode{
-							*skippedNodes = (*skippedNodes)[:index+1]
+								path:        prefix + path, // Path is n.path + remaining path after matching n.path
-							(*skippedNodes)[index] = skippedNode{
+								node:        n,             // Store pointer to the original node `n`
-								path: prefix + path, // 记录跳过的路径
-								node: &node{ // 复制当前节点的状态
-									path:      n.path,
-									wildChild: n.wildChild,
-									nType:     n.nType,
-									priority:  n.priority,
-									children:  n.children,
-									handlers:  n.handlers,
-									fullPath:  n.fullPath,
-								},
 								paramsCount: globalParamsCount, // 记录当前参数计数
-							}
+							})
 						}
 
 						n = n.children[i] // 移动到匹配的子节点